What does the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) govern?

The Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) governs the transfer of web content between computers. HTTP acts as a protocol for requesting and transmitting data on the World Wide Web, facilitating communication between a client (often a web browser) and a server hosting web content. When a user accesses a website, the browser sends an HTTP request to the server, which then responds with the requested resources, such as HTML documents, images, or videos. This process enables users to view and interact with web pages, making HTTP a foundational technology for the functioning of the Internet.

Other options pertain to different technologies and protocols. The storage of digital content relates more to file systems and databases, while the assignment of IP addresses is managed by the Internet Protocol (IP) and related services like DHCP. The retrieval of email messages is handled by protocols specifically designed for email, such as POP3 or IMAP, rather than HTTP, which focuses solely on web content. This context helps clarify why the transfer of web content is the primary function governed by HTTP.